Fluid-operated tool.



C. B. RICHARDS.

FLUID OPERATED TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.22,19G9.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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y w p C. B. RICHARDS.

FLUID OPERATED TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.2Z,1909.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912 3 SHEETSSHBET 2v mam A: n I w. I f M/U em HimWITNjgES O. B. RICHARDS.

FLUID OPERATED TOOL.

APPLICATION TILED DEC. 22, 1909.

1,037,535, Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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ub- ,m/i m m BY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES B. RICHARDS, OF CLEVELAND. OHIO. ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO THE CLEVELAND ROCK DRILL COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATIONOF OHIO.

FLUID-OPERATED TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

Application filed December 22v 1909. Serial No. 534,412

To all who), z't mag concern:

lie it known that I. CHARLEs B. RICHARDS, :1 ltlZt'll oi the l 'nitedStates, residing at ("lcvclanth in the county of Cuyahoga and and has fr its primary objects; the pro vision ot' an unprmed means forcontrolling the supply of operating fluid and cil to the operatingparts; the provision of improved means whereby the operation of thedrill is stopped when the machine reaches the limit of its feed or thedrill steel breaks; and the provision of an improved exhaust arrangementwhereby the entire exhaust ot' thud occuis at the rear. ()ne embmliinentof lllt' invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereini Figure 'l is a plan view of the device, partially in section at thethrottle to show the nu-ans for controlling the supply of fluid and oil.

Figure 2 is a section on the line ll*ll of Figure 1.

Figure lls a side elevation partially in section on the line ll llll ofFigure 4.

Figure 4 is a sectimi on the line IV' lV- l\ of Fig. 3,

Figure is a section through the front end of the machine on the lineV--V ot Figure l. and Fig. 6 is a diagrannnatic sectional view showingthe arrangement of the ports and passages when the parts are in thepollltilhindicated in Figs 1 and 4 and at the instant just preceding theshifting ol' the controlling valve to secure the rearward iaovciucnt otthe piston.

lletcrring first to the general arrangement of parts as shown in Figuresl, 3 and l: 1 is the operating cylinder; 2 is the head secured to thecylinder by means of the bolts shown: through which head a drill steel(not shown) is adapted to re 'ciprocate: 3 is the. anvil for engagingthe rear end of the drill steel; 4 is the piston or piston hammer(Fig. 1) which piston hammer is provided with a reduced forward end orshank 5 adapted to take against the shank 6 of the anvil: 7 is the val\cchest seated upon the top of the cylinder; 8 is a piston valve workingin -lhe valve chcst (l ig. J is a feed cylinder, the front portion onlyof which is shown and which may be of any approved type, such cylinderbeing secured to the member 10 by incan ot the bolts shown; 10 is aconi'iceting mei'nbcr or body portion secured at its front end to thecylinder 1 by means of the bolts 11; 12 is a plug (Fig. 3) upon the bodyportion it) which plug fits into the rear end of the cylinder and isprovided with air passages coinniunicating with the valve cheet'aud withthe eylinder; 13 is a rotary throttle or admission valve provided withan operating handle 14; and 15 is a handle. which handle is hollow andserves as an oil reservoir.

The fluid supply pipe is connected at 16 (Fig. 1), and fluid supplied to-,the teed cylinder and operating cylinder respectively by means of the'iassages l7 and 18. the hollow valve 13 being provided with a pair ofpassages l9 and'QO for registering with the 'iassages 17 and 18. Thepassages 17 and 19 are slightly larger than the pa sages 1H and 20 sothat tlnid is admitted to the feed cylinder before admission to theoperating cylinder and the device is fed up to the work before theoperative parts in the operating cylinder begin to work. lCX- haust fromthe feed cylinder occurs through the passage 21 in the valve. whichpassage registers with the passage :22 when the throttle is in the cutofl' position illus trated in Figure l. The handle 15 is a pipe titledwith oil, and a passage 23 (Fig. I li leads from the handle to thetransverse pas sage 24 in the valve 13. \Vhen the valve is in the cutoff position shown in Fig. l. the recess 24 is filled with oil, and whenthe valve is rotated to permit the passage of tluid into the cylindersthe passage 2t rcw istcrs with the passages 25 and 26. and the oil inthe recess or passage 24 flows into the terior of the cylinder.

two cylinders. The handle 14 is/stopped in its extremes of movement bymeans of the plate 27 which is cut away as indicated in dotted lines inFigure 3, and engages the pin 28 ca'rried by the handle.

The admission passage 18 communicates with the passage 29, and thispassage 29 in turn communicates with the passages 30 and 31 leading tothe groove 32 in the valve chest (Figs. 3 and 4). The groove 32communicates" either with the groove 33 or the groove 34 depending uponthe position of the valve 8, and the grooves 33 and 34 communicaterespectively with-passages 35 and 36, the lower portions of the passages35 and 36 being formed by milling slots into the opposite sides of theplug 12. A slot 37 (Fig. 4) is out from the front side of the plug 12into the passage 35, thus serving as admission means to the rear side ofthe piston hammer. The lower end of the slot or passage 36 communicatesWith an exhaust passage 38 extending longitudinally of the cylinder asindicated in Figure 5, and having the openings 39 and 40 leading intothe in- Three other exhaust passages 41, 42, 43 (Figs. 4 and 5) extendfrom the front end of the cylinder back through the cylinder, the bodyportion 10 and the flange 45 (Fig. l), with their exits as indicated inFigure 2, which figure is taken on the line II-II of Figure 1. Thepassage 42 is located on the opposite side of the operating cylinderfrom the passage 43 and corresponds throughout to such passage 43. Theshank 6 (Figure 1) of the anvil 3 normally covers the ends of theexhaust ports 41, 42 and 43, but as indicated in Figure 1, the bore ofthe cylinder at this point is sufficiently large to permit of theexhaust when the bore is occupied by the shank 6. A groove 46 (Figs. 1and 3) is provided near the rear end of the cylinder, and passages 47and 48 lead respectively from this groove to the groove 32 in the valvechest, and the chamber 49 in such valve chest (Fig. 4). Another passage50 (Figs. 1 and 4) also leads from the rear end of the cylinder to thechamber 51 in the valve chest. Grooves 52 and are also provided in thevalve chest, and have passages leading to the exhaust passages 4-2 and43 as indicated in Figure 4. Small passages 54 and 55 connect thechambers 49 and 51 re spectively with the grooves 53 and The operationis as follows, assuming that the hammer piston is in the positionindicated in Figures 1 and (3, the valve being in the position indicatedin Figures 4 and (3, and the admission valve 13 turned so that fluid isadmitted to the passage 18. Pressure is admitted to the rear side of thepiston hammer 5 through the passages 29, 30. 31, 32, 33, 35 and 37(Figs. 3 and 4). At

this time the fluid in front of the hammer piston is being freelyexhausted through the exhaust passages 38, 41, 42 and 4-3. At this timealso pressure is being applied from the cylinder to shift thecontrolling valve 8 and such valve must shift in order to secure therearward movement of the piston hammer. his pressure is applied to thechamber 49 through the passage 48 and to the chamber 51 through thepassage fit), and is continuously exhausting from such chambers throughthe passages 54 and 55 leading to the grooves 53 and 52, but as thepassage 50 is somewhat larger than the passage 48, the pressure in thechamber 51 ovcrbalances that in the chamber 49, and the valve 8 isshifted to the left from the position of Fig. 4. This shifting of thevalve causes the central collar on the valve to cut off thecommunication between the grooves 32 and 33, and opens up communi.-ation between the grooves 32 and 34, and the fluid passes through thepassages 34. 3t; and 38 to the port 39 in front of the piston and forcesit rearward. During this rearward movement, the pressure from the rearside of the piston 4 is exhaustcd through the assages 3?, 35, 53, and42, through the passages 48, 4t), 54, and 42, and through the pas 50.51, 55, 52 and 43. When the rear end of the piston 4 reaches a positioncover ing the end of the passage 50, and the groove 46, pressure to thechamber 51 in the valve chest is cut off, andpressure to the chamber 49is supplied from the passage 31 via the passage 47, the groove 46 andthe passages 48, thus moving the valve to the right to the position ofFigure 4, thus completing the cycle.

The port 40 leading to the passage 38 (Figs. 3 and 5) constitutes ameansfor securing the stoppage of the mechanism in case the drill steelbreaks, or in case the machine is fed ahead to its extreme limit. Underthese conditions the piston 4 moves forward to such a position that itsrear end uncovers the port 40. This permits the fluid behind the pistonto exhaust freely so that there is not sin'iicient pressure remaining toactuate the valve 8 and the machine conse quently stops.

From the foregoing it will bc seen that all the fluids exhausted fromthe machine pass rcarwardly through the exhaust ports 41, 42 and 43, andthat. there is no lateral or front exhaust whatever. It will also beseen that the means for supplying oil to the machine is a compact simpleand effective one. the pipe 1.) serving the double function of a handleand of a. storage reservoir. Various advantages incident to theconstruction will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is the following 1. In afluid operated tool; the combina tion with :a cylinder and piston; of avalve for controlling the admission of fluid to the cylinder havingpressure receiving surfaces to move it in opposite directions; means forintermittently supplying fluid to one ofthe surfaces from the cylinder;means for intermittently Supplying fluid to the other of the surfaces;and means for automatically stopping the movement of the valvecomprising an exhaust port leading to the outer air and uncovered by thepiston when a position in advance of its normal forward position isreached, whereby the pressure in the cylinder is reduced and renderedinsufiicient to operate the valve.

2. In a fluid operated tool; the combination with a cylinder and piston;of a valve for controlling the admission of fluid to the cylinder havingpressure receiving surfaces to move it in opposite directions; means forintermittently supplying fluid at different pressures to both of thesurfaces from the cylinder whereby the valve is moved in one direction;means for intermittently supply-- ing fluid to one of thesurfaces onlyfor moving the valve in the other direction; and means for automaticallystopping the movement of the valve comprising an exhaust port leading tothe outer airand uncovered by the piston when a position. in advance ofits normal forward position is reached, jwhereby the pressure in thecylinder at such time is rendered insufficient to move the valve.

3. In a fluid operated tool; the combination with acylinder and piston;of a valve for controlling the admission of fluid to the cylinder havingpressure receiving surfaces to move it in opposite directions; means forintermittently supplying fluid to one ofthc surfaces from thecylinder-to move it in one direction; means for intermittently supplying fluid to the other of the surfaces to move it in the otherdirection; exhaust means from the front side of the piston leading tothe outer air and controlled by the valve; and a port thereto normallycovered by the piston and adapted to permit a reduction of pressure inthe cylinder sutiicient to render such pressure ineffective to move thevalve when the piston reaches a point in advance of its normal positionand uncovers such port.

4. Ida fluid operated tool; the comhinzn tioii with a cylinder andpiston; of a valve for controlling the admission of fluid to thecylinder; means whereby the valve is shifted by means of fluid pressurefrom the cylinder behind the piston; and automatic stop ing to the outerair and uncovered by the piston when it reaches a point in advance ofits forward normal extreme of movement, whereby the pressure behind thepiston is reduced to a point which renders it ine-tlcctive to shift thevalve and secure a baclnvard movement of the piston.

5. In a fluid operated tool; the con'zbinalion with a cylinder andpiston; of a valve for controlling the admission of fluid to thecylinder; a passage leading to the valve and uncovered by the piston asit. moves forward. whereby the valve is shifted by means of lluidpressure from the cylinder behind the piston automatic slop meanscomprising an exhaust passac loading to the outer air and uncovered bythe piston when it reaches a point in advance of its forward normalposition whereby the pressure behind the piston is reduced to a pointwhich renders it ineffective to shift the valve and secure a backwardmovement of the piston; and me: against which the piston impinges fornormally preventing the uncovering of the said port when the tool is inoperation.

ti. In a iluid operated tool; the combination with a cylinder andpiston; of an automatic fluid operated valve for controlling theadmission of i'luid to the cylinder; an exhaust pa" age extendingrearwardly from the front side of the piston; a second passage extendingrearwardly from the front side of the piston, and serving under thecontrol of the valve, alternately as an admission and exhaust passage;and a passage controlled by the vaivc whereby the said -:econd passagedischarges into the said exhaust passhge.

T. lira fluid operated tool; the combina- .dc of the piston. and servingunder the .control of the valve, alternately as an admission and exhaustpassage; :1 third pas- 1 sane attending From the rear side of the i =1and serving, under the control of the vc. alternately as an adii'iissionand excontrolled by ccond and third into the said exhaust the valve, i Vpas, iges discharge passages.

in a tiuid opcratet l tool; the combination with a cylinder and piston;of an auto in'atic flu d operated valve for controlling the admission offluid to the cylinder; exhaust passages cxtemling rearwardly from thefront side of the piston and exhausting at the rear of the tool; otherpassages to the front and rear of the piston, serving altermeanscomprising an exhaust passage leadl nateiy as exhaust-and admissionpassages;

and connecting passagestwhereby these passages exhaust into the saidrearwardly extending exhaust passages.

9. In a fluid operated tool; the combination with a cylinder and piston;of an aut0- matic fluid operated valve for controlling the admission offluid to the cylinder; exhaust means extending rearwardly from the frontside of the piston; passages to the front and rear of the piston,serving alternately as exhaust and admission passages;

and connecting passages, under the control of the valve, whereby thesepassages exhaust into the said rearwardly extending exhaust means.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name inthe presence ofthe two subscribed Witnesses.

CHARLES B. RICHARDS.

\Vitnesses a F. W. GREVE, ARTHUR SCOTT.

